the Bible - an Introduction

The Bible – An Introduction

 

Comprises (a) The Old Testament, or ‘Old Covenant’, describing the relationship

                      God had between himself and human beings before Jesus’ time.

                   (b) The New Testament or ‘New Covenant’, describing the new

                         relationship God has with human beings through Jesus Christ

 

(see also the page ‘What is the Christian faith ?’)

 

‘Bible’ means ‘books’ or ‘library’; not one book but many; different kinds of writing:

 

Myth (truths in stories and pictures – eg Genesis 1 to 12 ; Revelation (the end times)

History – Genesis 12 to Nehemiah

Treaties/covenants (relationships) – Exodus, Deuteronomy

Prophecy – Isaiah to Malachi

Poems/songs – Psalms, Song of Songs, Lamentations

Wise sayings (wisdom) – Proverbs, Ecclesiastes

Instructions – Leviticus, Exodus, Deuteronomy

Stories with morals – Ruth, Jonah, Esther

Biography – The Gospels (Matthew, Mark, Luke and John); also Acts (sort of)

Letters (Greek – ‘epistles’) – Romans to Jude (ie to churches and to individuals,

                                          about general issues and specific situations)

 

History – not in usual sense of record of events but how God acted and how the

                people reacted over the generations

Biography – only stuff included on Jesus’ ‘working’ life so that people could learn

                     about who he was and believe in him

Prophecy – not just predicting the future but ‘speaking out’ what God was saying to

                   society or to individuals through them

Instructions – how to live; covering every area of private and public life inc diet

Poems/Songs – nearly all addressed to God. All kinds of emotions and situations;

                         Faith and doubt

 

Old Testament – the times before Jesus

 

Key events/dates

Creation – date unknown

Abraham comes to Palestine – c1900BC

The escape from Egypt with Moses – c1250BC

Invasion of Promised Land – c1210BC

Kind David – c1010BC

Fall of Jerusalem to Babylonians – 587BC

Return from exile – 538BC

 

Genesis to Chronicles – put together probably during the exile in Persia (c550BC); authors unknown

Isaiah to Malachi – put together at the same time; authors are those named, largely

Ezra, Nehemiah, Haggai, Zechariah desire the return from exile – c500BC ?

Job, Esther, Jonah – no clue as to when written

Daniel – perhaps the last book, finished around 150BC (1st half written around 550)

New Testament – the times after Jesus

 

Key events/dates

 

Birth of Jesus – 6-4BC

Death and resurrection of Jesus – 30AD

Paul converted to Christianity – 37AD

Paul imprisoned and killed (c64AD)

 

Mark – the first Gospel ? – early 60s; written in Rome ?

John – last gospel ? c110AD (shows awareness of other Gospels)

Galatians – c47AD – the first letter (by the way, all were written by Paul exc. John,

                   James, Peter, Jude and possibly Hebrews)

Revelation – c120AD – the last book; written by John (maybe the same as the John

                    who wrote the letters and gospel)

 

What’s the Bible about ?

 

(1)   God – who he is and what he has done for people, and his plans for our future

(2)   People – what we are really like inside and how we need to be rescued since we have gone away from God

(3)   Jesus – God’s special agent to being people back to himself

The Holy Spirit – How God helps Christians to work together for him in the Church


what is a christian
Webpage icon Words we use in Church and what they mean
Webpage icon Who is the Holy Spirit ?
Webpage icon what comes after we die
Webpage icon An outline guide to the Old Testament
Webpage icon An outline guide to the New Testament
Webpage icon why go to church ?